Behavioural responses to fisheries capture among sharks caught using experimental fishery gear
نویسندگان
چکیده
The response to capture is important in fisheries because it can reveal potential threats to species beyond fishing mortalities resulting from direct harvest. To date, the vast majority of studies assessing shark stress responses have used physiology or biotelemetry to look at sensitivity after capture, leaving a gap in our understanding of the behaviours of sharks during capture. We examined the behavioural responses of sharks to capture by attaching accelerometers to fishing gear and measuring the immediate and prolonged forces they exertedwhile on the line.We recorded acceleration vectors and derived the rate of intense fighting behaviours of 23 individual sharks comprising three species. Results suggest that blacktip sharks (Carcharhinus limbatus) exhibited intense bouts of fighting behaviour at the onset of hooking, while nurse (Ginglymostoma cirratum) and tiger sharks (Galeocerdo cuvier) displayed more subdued acceleration values during capture. We also obtained plasma lactate from a subset of individuals and detected a strong correlation with maximum acceleration. These results align with previously published values and suggest that shark movement during fisheries capture is an important factor during bycatch and catchand-release interactions. Résumé : La réaction à la capture est importante pour les pêches puisqu’elle peut révéler des menaces potentielles pour les espèces autres que la mortalité par la pêche découlant directement de la prise. À ce jour, la grande majorité des études visant à évaluer les réactions au stress des requins a fait appel à la physiologie ou la biotélémétrie pour examiner la sensibilité après la capture, les comportements des requins durant la capture demeurant donc mal compris. Nous avons examiné les réactions comportementales de requins à la capture en fixant des accéléromètres aux engins de pêche et en mesurant les forces immédiates et soutenues que les requins exercent quand ils sont hameçonnés à la ligne. Nous avons enregistré les vecteurs d’accélération et calculé la fréquence de comportements de lutte intense de 23 individus de trois espèces de requins différentes. Les résultats portent à croire que les requins bordés (Carcharhinus limbatus) manifestaient des pointes intenses de comportement de lutte au début de l’hameçonnage, alors que les requins-nourrices (Ginglymostoma cirratum) et les requins-tigres (Galeocerdo cuvier) présentaient des valeurs d’accélération plus faibles durant la capture. Nous avons également obtenu des concentrations de lactate plasmatique d’un sous-ensemble d’individus et décelé une forte corrélation de ces teneurs avec l’accélération maximum. Ces résultats concordent avec des valeurs déjà publiées et donnent à penser que le mouvement des requins durant la capture pendant la pêche est un important facteur des interactions associées à la prise accessoire et la remise à l’eau. [Traduit par
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تاریخ انتشار 2016